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Fidelity to Theory in PA Intervention Research.
Research using theory-based interventions to promote regular physical activity (PA) has increased substantially over the past decade. The purpose of this article is to provide a review and summary of PA intervention research specific to fidelity to intervention theory, providing an overview of the concept of fidelity to intervention theory, defining the evaluative components of fidelity: (a) conceptualization of the problem, (b) operationalization of the theory, (c) specification of mediating processes, and (d) specification of outcome variables. Using journal scans and computerized literature database searches, the authors identified 470 PA activity intervention studies that incorporated a theoretical perspective. A validity framework explicated by was used to summarize intervention research in light of fidelity to intervention theory. In all, 15 intervention studies met the inclusion criteria and were incorporated into the review. Theoretical models for health behavior change, including social cognitive theory (SCT), cognitive behavioral theory (CBT), the transtheoretical model (TTM, the TTM combined with SCT), the reversal theory (theory of psychological reversals), and the disconnected values theory, were used as a basis for intervention design and evaluation.
West J Nurs Res. 2009 Apr;31(3):289-311. Keller C, Fleury J, Sidani S, Ainsworth B. Arizona State University, USA. colleen.keller@asu.edu
What does a fulfilled life mean? Certainly it is much more than just paying bills, having kids, and comfortably retiring. There simply must be much more to living than that. Over the years I’ve worked with countless people who feel that something is missing. Yet, they don’t know what.
Back in the 1943, the American psychologist Abraham Maslow gave us a theory that endures until today. He specified that people have a “hierarchy of needs,” which stipulates that needs must be satisfied in this order: physiological, safety, love and belonging, esteem, and then self-actualization. Once...
The miracles of modern medicine are not be taken lightly. The mere fact that the longevity of the average person is much longer than it was a few decades ago should be sufficient evidence of its value. However, the story does not stop there. Modern allopathic medicine focus primarily based on systems involving pharmaceuticals and surgery. Very little emphasis is placed on the power of the mind. Even though drug trials will consider placebo and nocebo effects, still little effort is made to understand why they play a role. Furthermore, there's little explanation as to why several research...
Bullying is a condition or situation where one or more people are involved with aggression that is so excessive as cause extreme psychological stress for others. Unfortunately, it is a fact of life in international affairs, politics, organizational dynamics, and with individuals. By its ubiquitous nature it should be obvious that it has always played a role in our society. This, however, does not mean that we should not be concerned.
The predominant problem with bullying is its affect on the victims. When it occurs the recipient must cope and adjust behavior. This can either cause...
